The Importance Of Cognitive Development Since Young
Cognitive development is the construction of thought processes, including remembering, problem solving, and decision-making, from childhood through adolescence to adulthood. It refers to how a person perceives, thinks, and gains understanding of his or her world through the interaction of genetic and learned factors. Among the areas of cognitive development are information processing, intelligence, reasoning, language development and memory.
The most well-known and influential theory of cognitive development is that of French psychologist Jean Piaget. Piaget’s theory, first published in 1952, grew out of decades of extensive observation of children, including his own, in their natural environments as opposed to the laboratory experiments of the behaviorists.
At the center of Piaget’s theory is the principle that cognitive development occurs in a series of 4 distinct, universal stages, each characterized by increasingly sophisticated and abstract levels of thought. These stages always occur in the same order, and each builds on what was learned in the previous stage. They are as follows:
Sensorimotor stage
Infancy
(0 to 18 months)
Intelligence is demonstrated through motor activity without the use of symbols. Knowledge of the world is limited, but developing, because it is based on physical interactions and experiences. Children acquire object permanence at about seven months of age (memory). Physical development (mobility) allows the child to begin developing new intellectual abilities. Some symbolic (language) abilities are developed at the end of this stage.
Pre-operational stage
Toddlerhood and Early Childhood
(18 months to 3 years old)
Intelligence is demonstrated through the use of symbols and language, but thinking is done in a non-logical, non-reversible manner. Egocentric thinking predominates.
Concrete operational stage
Elementary and Early Adolescence
(3 to 6 years old)
Characterized by seven types of conservation (number, length, liquid, mass, weight, area, and volume), intelligence is demonstrated through logical and systematic manipulation of symbols related to concrete objects. Operational thinking develops (mental actions that are reversible). Egocentric thought diminishes.
Formal operational stage
Adolescence and Adulthood
(6 to 12 years old)
Intelligence is demonstrated through the logical use of symbols related to abstract concepts. Early in the period there is a return to egocentric thought.
If you are able to unleash the full potential of your child’s cognitive abilities as early as possible, you can enhance your child’s cognitive abilities for Laser-sharp Focus, Power Memory, and Happy Learning.
According to Neuroscience research, a human brain overproduces neurons and connections in the earlier years, and eventually the unneeded cells and connections are removed which is termed as synaptic pruning at the age of 12 years old. During this period of pruning, the brain loses the grey matter.
What does this imply? It means that before synaptic pruning occurs, this is the BEST time to develop your child’s brain. During this period, the elasticity of a child’s brain is most capable of reorganizing neural pathways. When a child learns new things during this period, the learning is hardwired. For those neuron connections that are not stimulated, it will automatically be pruned off.